PNBP Reform at the Ministry of Law and Human Rights

https://epajak.or.id/ PNBP Reform at the Ministry of Law and Human Rights: Service Transformation and State Revenue Optimization

Non-Tax State Revenue (PNBP) is a vital component of Indonesia’s financial structure, serving as a revenue source alongside taxation. PNBP includes earnings from public services provided by ministries and institutions, including the Ministry of Law and Human Rights (Kemenkumham). In recent years, the Indonesian government has consistently revised PNBP policies to ensure effectiveness, efficiency, and alignment with societal needs and national development priorities.

With the issuance of Government Regulation (PP) No. 45 of 2024, significant reforms have been introduced to the types and rates of PNBP applicable to Kemenkumham. This regulation replaces previous provisions, adjusting fee structures to reflect public service needs while promoting inclusivity, transparency, and accountability. These changes encompass simplifying service categories, eliminating specific fees, and implementing a zero-rate tariff (Rp0,00) for services targeting specific groups, such as prospective migrant workers, small business operators, and underprivileged Indonesian citizens.

This reform also aligns with efforts to integrate technology and enhance accessibility, particularly through digitalization in immigration processes and intellectual property protection. The government aims not only to optimize state revenue but also to improve service quality for citizens, demonstrating a firm commitment to addressing the evolving needs of modern society.

Background of the Reform

PNBP serves as a critical revenue source for funding various public service sectors. The revisions under PP No. 45 of 2024 aim to align PNBP policies with the dynamic needs of society, including adapting fee structures for inclusivity and catering to groups such as migrant workers, small business operators, and academics.

Wisnu Nugroho Dewanto, Head of Kemenkumham’s Finance Bureau, emphasized that the changes involve simplifying tariffs, removing certain fees, and adjusting service nomenclature for legal, immigration, and intellectual property services.

Key Changes in PNBP Types and Rates Under PP No. 45 of 2024

1. Immigration Services

• Free Services (Rp0,00):
  Some immigration services are exempt from charges, particularly for specific community groups, including:
  • First-time issuance of ordinary passports for Indonesian migrant workers.
  • Passports for underprivileged Indonesians residing abroad.
  • Scholarship recipients funded by the government for studies overseas.
• Electronic Passport (E-passport):
  • 48-page passport:
    • Valid for 5 years: Rp650,000.
    • Valid for 10 years: Rp950,000.
  • Expedited service (1-day completion): Rp1,000,000.

2. Intellectual Property Services

• Special Tariffs for MSMEs, Academics, and Research Institutions:
  • Annual patent fees are set at 10% of the standard rate for applications submitted by micro and small enterprises, educational institutions, or government research agencies.
• Fee Waivers for Social Purposes:
  • Patents donated or dedicated for social and public purposes incur a Rp0,00 fee.
  • Administrative errors caused by the government are also exempt from charges.

3. Legal Services

• Zero-Rate Tariff:
  • Applicable for:
    • Citizenship and nationality status information.
    • Other legal data used for government purposes.
• Other Legal Services:
  • Adjusted tariffs for specific documents to make them more affordable while maintaining national efficiency.

4. Simplification and Adjustment of Other Fees

• Service Nomenclature Simplification:
  • Renaming specific services to enhance public understanding of available offerings.
• Streamlining Overlapping Services:
  • Consolidating certain overlapping services to improve efficiency.

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Objectives

1. State Revenue Optimization:
   • The revised structure is designed to enhance efficiency in supporting national development.
2. Improved Public Services:
   • Adjusted tariffs ensure easier access for the public, especially vulnerable groups like migrant workers and underprivileged citizens.
3. Transparency and Accountability:
   • Encourages better governance of PNBP management.

Impacts

Positive:

• Provides relief through zero-rate tariffs for targeted services.
• Simplifies access to intellectual property protection for micro and small enterprises.

Challenges:

• Potential administrative hurdles if public outreach and stakeholder engagement are inadequate.
• Adjusting technology and human resources to support the new policies.

Conclusion

PP No. 45 of 2024 represents a progressive step in reforming public services via more inclusive, efficient, and development-oriented PNBP policies. The success of these reforms hinges on societal support, technological readiness, and effective public outreach. By ensuring accessible, secure, and transparent systems, this policy sets the stage for improved service delivery and enhanced national development.